We cannot succeed as creators of digital storytelling without preparation. The future facilitator/collector/biographer must prepare their interviews and prepare themself to listen (humble, attentive, genuinely interested, non-judgemental, etc.).
Preparing the narrator to adopt a certain attitude that encourages storytelling is also important. The aim is to create a certain intimacy in the relationship. The facilitator/collector/biographer should also provide an attentive ear and stimulates the narrative. Some tips about:
Being respectful
- It has been shown that the stereotypes people hold of older adults influence how we talk to them, present information (to or about them) and even the topics of conversation or consultation;
- Establish respect right away by using formal language as default and obviate familiar terms to prevent wrong, disrespectful perceptions;
- Ask people how they prefer to be addressed;
- Ensure that you never raise your voice or over-enunciate, talk slower instead of louder, clearly instead of forcefully;
- Try speaking more slowly to give them time to process what is being asked or said, and don’t interrupt;
- Be sensitive to cultural differences that can affect communication; there is diversity in background, interests and experiences;
- Use simple, common language and ask if clarification is needed;
- Ask them questions that are easy to answer and create great talking points;
- Use repetition; people often need to hear something more than once to understand and remember it.
Nonverbal messaging/body language
- Control mannerisms and nervous expressions such as putting hands in pockets, nodding head excessively, or using filler words like “hum” and “ah” too often;
- Establish eye contact and keep your hands visible;
- Put verbs into action when speaking by physically acting them out with hands, face, or entire body;
- Avoid very studied gestures that not only involve the body but also facial expression;
- Relax your shoulders and keep your head and chest high;
- Smile only when necessary.